I've got to the point that I get really excited about interesting maths problems (this might not be a new issue, but being a teacher allows me to unashamedly embrace the inner geek), and I came across this one a couple of days ago:
A disease has broken out in the world, which infects on average one in every 1000 people. The onset has no physical symptoms in the early stages, but medics have developed a test that is able to detect the disease with an accuracy of 95%, or more precisely, the test will return positive with 100% accuracy if the person tested is infected, but will return a false positive (i.e. will say the person is infected when in fact they are not) 5% of the time if the person is not infected.
You take the test, and the result is positive. What is the probability that you are infected with the disease? Is it:
(a) 100%
(b) 95%
(c) 2%
Answers on a postcard (or a comment, if you must) with explanation. I'll reveal the answer some time in the future...





